The ice-restructuring properties that provide protection in cooler climates is a key factor that has led to an increase in demand for anti-freeze protein globally

Ice is a major problem for organisms living below zero degrees and freezing temperatures. In these temperatures, the ice crystals grow steadily and eventually burst cells. The need to protect organisms and products from extreme temperatures have led to an increase in demand for antifreeze proteins. Antifreeze proteins do not stop the growth of the ice crystals but limit the growth to manageable sizes. They are also known as ice-restructuring proteins due to their properties. Antifreeze proteins lower the freezing point of water by a few degrees without hampering the melting point. These proteins are made by plants, insects, and bacteria. The global antifreeze protein market is segmented on the basis of type, form, end-use, source, and region.

The global market for antifreeze protein is projected to reach USD 10.0 million by 2023, recording a CAGR of 30.0%

Antifreeze proteins have several advantages that include the inhibition of ice crystal growth, protection from freeze damage, preservative action, and maintaining taste and texture. These proteins are considerably effective at lower concentration levels and can be used as a healthier alternative to salt and sugar, which encourages the usage of these proteins in frozen food products. Antifreeze proteins are also used as cryoprotectants during super chilling of food products in refrigerators at low temperatures, which is extremely helpful in the food & beverage industry.

Significance of antifreeze proteins for food conservation to drive the demand

Antifreeze proteins have the largest application in the pharmaceutical industry. The increasing application of antifreeze proteins is due to the recrystallization techniques that help in preserving organs and assist in tissue culture preservation. 

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The cosmetics segment is projected to be the fastest-growing segment by 2023. North America witnesses the presence of several national institutes that support biotechnology and life sciences research. This has led to an increase in growth opportunities for antifreeze protein manufacturers and several research facilities for the application of AFPs in cosmetic, medical, and food applications. In developing countries, due to the rapid urbanization and an increase in spending power, the demand for antifreeze proteins is projected to rise. This, in turn, is projected to drive the demand for antifreeze proteins in cosmetics.

Geographical Prominence

The largest markets for antifreeze protein are North America and Europe. North America is projected to hold the largest market share and record the highest growth due to the growing food retail sector that is projected to witness steady growth in the upcoming years. Key countries such as the US have introduced defined and well-structured regulations for various processing ingredients, which remains a challenge for manufacturers in the antifreeze protein market. However, it is the changing business dynamics in the food industry that have led to a higher acceptance of antifreeze protein in North America. Key regions such as Europe and Asia Pacific are also projected to record steady growth in the antifreeze protein market.

Conclusion

The key players in the antifreeze protein market are focusing on directing their efforts toward the commercialization of anti-freeze proteins across industries without hampering the quality of the product and reducing the presence of genetically modified yeasts. Some of the leading manufacturers of antifreeze proteins include Unilever (Netherlands), Kaneka Corp. (Japan), Aqua Bounty Technologies (US), and ProtoKinetix (US).

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Currently, the application of anti-freeze proteins in the food industry is low. However, they offer significant growth opportunities in the future. The technical aspects related to the application of antifreeze protein include the process of isolation and purification, which are time-consuming and expensive. In addition, the negative impact of antifreeze proteins, such as allergies, is a key factor that is projected to discourage the application of anti-freeze proteins. Therefore, key players are focusing on catering to these challenges and are developing relevant solutions to capitalize on the growth opportunities present in the antifreeze protein market.